{"term": "false witness", "display": "False Witness", "slug": "false-witness", "patterns": ["false witness", "bear false", "lying tongue", "perjury"], "editorial_note": null, "total_occurrences": 239, "peak_year": 1947, "peak_rate": 186.27, "by_year": [{"year": 1838, "count": 2, "total_words": 27572, "rate_per_million": 72.54}, {"year": 1844, "count": 1, "total_words": 148488, "rate_per_million": 6.73}, {"year": 1851, "count": 2, "total_words": 149188, "rate_per_million": 13.41}, {"year": 1853, "count": 1, "total_words": 394242, "rate_per_million": 2.54}, {"year": 1855, "count": 2, "total_words": 295049, "rate_per_million": 6.78}, {"year": 1860, "count": 3, "total_words": 242524, "rate_per_million": 12.37}, {"year": 1861, "count": 2, "total_words": 98288, "rate_per_million": 20.35}, {"year": 1862, "count": 3, "total_words": 153221, "rate_per_million": 19.58}, {"year": 1863, "count": 3, "total_words": 160900, "rate_per_million": 18.65}, {"year": 1866, "count": 1, "total_words": 53822, "rate_per_million": 18.58}, {"year": 1867, "count": 2, "total_words": 195597, "rate_per_million": 10.23}, {"year": 1868, "count": 1, "total_words": 19624, "rate_per_million": 50.96}, {"year": 1869, "count": 2, "total_words": 328020, "rate_per_million": 6.1}, {"year": 1870, "count": 6, "total_words": 180637, "rate_per_million": 33.22}, {"year": 1871, "count": 1, "total_words": 132685, "rate_per_million": 7.54}, {"year": 1872, "count": 3, "total_words": 160762, "rate_per_million": 18.66}, {"year": 1874, "count": 1, "total_words": 248674, "rate_per_million": 4.02}, {"year": 1876, "count": 1, "total_words": 21013, "rate_per_million": 47.59}, {"year": 1877, "count": 1, "total_words": 207335, "rate_per_million": 4.82}, {"year": 1879, "count": 2, "total_words": 175151, "rate_per_million": 11.42}, {"year": 1881, "count": 1, "total_words": 302626, "rate_per_million": 3.3}, {"year": 1882, "count": 2, "total_words": 405232, "rate_per_million": 4.94}, {"year": 1883, "count": 1, "total_words": 54720, "rate_per_million": 18.27}, {"year": 1884, "count": 2, "total_words": 373254, "rate_per_million": 5.36}, {"year": 1885, "count": 1, "total_words": 31803, "rate_per_million": 31.44}, {"year": 1886, "count": 1, "total_words": 165705, "rate_per_million": 6.03}, {"year": 1888, "count": 1, "total_words": 72157, "rate_per_million": 13.86}, {"year": 1899, "count": 2, "total_words": 181951, "rate_per_million": 10.99}, {"year": 1900, "count": 1, "total_words": 58374, "rate_per_million": 17.13}, {"year": 1901, "count": 1, "total_words": 68357, "rate_per_million": 14.63}, {"year": 1902, "count": 1, "total_words": 76029, "rate_per_million": 13.15}, {"year": 1906, "count": 4, "total_words": 139910, "rate_per_million": 28.59}, {"year": 1907, "count": 5, "total_words": 305548, "rate_per_million": 16.36}, {"year": 1910, "count": 1, "total_words": 67352, "rate_per_million": 14.85}, {"year": 1912, "count": 3, "total_words": 247230, "rate_per_million": 12.13}, {"year": 1915, "count": 5, "total_words": 440597, "rate_per_million": 11.35}, {"year": 1917, "count": 2, "total_words": 178703, "rate_per_million": 11.19}, {"year": 1919, "count": 4, "total_words": 441795, "rate_per_million": 9.05}, {"year": 1920, "count": 4, "total_words": 94402, "rate_per_million": 42.37}, {"year": 1922, "count": 1, "total_words": 193307, "rate_per_million": 5.17}, {"year": 1930, "count": 2, "total_words": 172580, "rate_per_million": 11.59}, {"year": 1931, "count": 1, "total_words": 68129, "rate_per_million": 14.68}, {"year": 1932, "count": 3, "total_words": 124607, "rate_per_million": 24.08}, {"year": 1933, "count": 2, "total_words": 129071, "rate_per_million": 15.5}, {"year": 1935, "count": 3, "total_words": 121973, "rate_per_million": 24.6}, {"year": 1938, "count": 1, "total_words": 131824, "rate_per_million": 7.59}, {"year": 1939, "count": 1, "total_words": 131592, "rate_per_million": 7.6}, {"year": 1940, "count": 2, "total_words": 141265, "rate_per_million": 14.16}, {"year": 1942, "count": 1, "total_words": 104937, "rate_per_million": 9.53}, {"year": 1944, "count": 3, "total_words": 157488, "rate_per_million": 19.05}, {"year": 1945, "count": 1, "total_words": 163663, "rate_per_million": 6.11}, {"year": 1946, "count": 1, "total_words": 168756, "rate_per_million": 5.93}, {"year": 1947, "count": 15, "total_words": 80528, "rate_per_million": 186.27}, {"year": 1948, "count": 1, "total_words": 181675, "rate_per_million": 5.5}, {"year": 1949, "count": 3, "total_words": 183841, "rate_per_million": 16.32}, {"year": 1952, "count": 2, "total_words": 131655, "rate_per_million": 15.19}, {"year": 1956, "count": 2, "total_words": 135732, "rate_per_million": 14.73}, {"year": 1958, "count": 4, "total_words": 138294, "rate_per_million": 28.92}, {"year": 1961, "count": 1, "total_words": 133956, "rate_per_million": 7.47}, {"year": 1962, "count": 4, "total_words": 144766, "rate_per_million": 27.63}, {"year": 1964, "count": 1, "total_words": 149949, "rate_per_million": 6.67}, {"year": 1965, "count": 2, "total_words": 149048, "rate_per_million": 13.42}, {"year": 1966, "count": 2, "total_words": 104354, "rate_per_million": 19.17}, {"year": 1967, "count": 2, "total_words": 123284, "rate_per_million": 16.22}, {"year": 1968, "count": 1, "total_words": 145190, "rate_per_million": 6.89}, {"year": 1969, "count": 4, "total_words": 137147, "rate_per_million": 29.17}, {"year": 1971, "count": 10, "total_words": 268403, "rate_per_million": 37.26}, {"year": 1972, "count": 2, "total_words": 251958, "rate_per_million": 7.94}, {"year": 1973, "count": 2, "total_words": 283987, "rate_per_million": 7.04}, {"year": 1975, "count": 2, "total_words": 274906, "rate_per_million": 7.28}, {"year": 1976, "count": 10, "total_words": 276826, "rate_per_million": 36.12}, {"year": 1977, "count": 4, "total_words": 212688, "rate_per_million": 18.81}, {"year": 1978, "count": 6, "total_words": 245980, "rate_per_million": 24.39}, {"year": 1979, "count": 1, "total_words": 221927, "rate_per_million": 4.51}, {"year": 1980, "count": 1, "total_words": 232056, "rate_per_million": 4.31}, {"year": 1981, "count": 1, "total_words": 215762, "rate_per_million": 4.63}, {"year": 1983, "count": 1, "total_words": 177799, "rate_per_million": 5.62}, {"year": 1984, "count": 1, "total_words": 196920, "rate_per_million": 5.08}, {"year": 1985, "count": 2, "total_words": 215677, "rate_per_million": 9.27}, {"year": 1986, "count": 4, "total_words": 203937, "rate_per_million": 19.61}, {"year": 1987, "count": 2, "total_words": 192689, "rate_per_million": 10.38}, {"year": 1988, "count": 3, "total_words": 191636, "rate_per_million": 15.65}, {"year": 1989, "count": 1, "total_words": 185020, "rate_per_million": 5.4}, {"year": 1990, "count": 9, "total_words": 197596, "rate_per_million": 45.55}, {"year": 1991, "count": 2, "total_words": 179355, "rate_per_million": 11.15}, {"year": 1992, "count": 3, "total_words": 204012, "rate_per_million": 14.71}, {"year": 1993, "count": 1, "total_words": 221819, "rate_per_million": 4.51}, {"year": 1994, "count": 1, "total_words": 246737, "rate_per_million": 4.05}, {"year": 1995, "count": 4, "total_words": 223761, "rate_per_million": 17.88}, {"year": 1996, "count": 2, "total_words": 214343, "rate_per_million": 9.33}, {"year": 1997, "count": 1, "total_words": 200241, "rate_per_million": 4.99}, {"year": 1998, "count": 1, "total_words": 229714, "rate_per_million": 4.35}, {"year": 1999, "count": 3, "total_words": 199044, "rate_per_million": 15.07}, {"year": 2002, "count": 1, "total_words": 219766, "rate_per_million": 4.55}, {"year": 2003, "count": 1, "total_words": 199453, "rate_per_million": 5.01}, {"year": 2005, "count": 1, "total_words": 207130, "rate_per_million": 4.83}, {"year": 2006, "count": 1, "total_words": 213278, "rate_per_million": 4.69}, {"year": 2007, "count": 1, "total_words": 224911, "rate_per_million": 4.45}, {"year": 2008, "count": 1, "total_words": 218972, "rate_per_million": 4.57}, {"year": 2009, "count": 2, "total_words": 198355, "rate_per_million": 10.08}, {"year": 2011, "count": 2, "total_words": 188227, "rate_per_million": 10.63}, {"year": 2017, "count": 1, "total_words": 171589, "rate_per_million": 5.83}], "by_year_role": {"1844": {"prophet": 1}, "1851": {"apostle": 2}, "1853": {"apostle": 1}, "1855": {"apostle": 2}, "1860": {"apostle": 1, "prophet": 2}, "1861": {"apostle": 2}, "1862": {"apostle": 2, "prophet": 1}, "1863": {"apostle": 3}, "1866": {"apostle": 1}, "1867": {"apostle": 2}, "1868": {"apostle": 1}, "1869": {"apostle": 1, "prophet": 1}, "1870": {"apostle": 5, "prophet": 1}, "1871": {"prophet": 1}, "1872": {"apostle": 2, "prophet": 1}, "1874": {"apostle": 1}, "1876": {"apostle": 1}, "1877": {"apostle": 1}, "1879": {"apostle": 2}, "1881": {"apostle": 1}, "1882": {"apostle": 1, "unknown": 1}, "1883": {"apostle": 1}, "1884": {"apostle": 2}, "1885": {"apostle": 1}, "1886": {"apostle": 1}, "1888": {"seventy": 1}, "1899": {"apostle": 2}, "1900": {"": 1}, "1901": {"": 1}, "1902": {"": 1}, "1906": {"": 4}, "1907": {"": 2, "seventy": 3}, "1910": {"": 1}, "1912": {"": 1, "seventy": 2}, "1915": {"apostle": 5}, "1917": {"": 2}, "1919": {"prophet": 4}, "1920": {"": 4}, "1922": {"": 1}, "1930": {"": 2}, "1931": {"": 1}, "1932": {"": 3}, "1933": {"": 2}, "1935": {"": 3}, "1938": {"": 1}, "1939": {"": 1}, "1940": {"": 2}, "1942": {"": 1}, "1944": {"": 3}, "1945": {"": 1}, "1946": {"": 1}, "1947": {"": 15}, "1948": {"": 1}, "1949": {"": 3}, "1952": {"": 2}, "1956": {"": 2}, "1958": {"": 4}, "1961": {"": 1}, "1962": {"": 4}, "1964": {"": 1}, "1965": {"": 2}, "1966": {"": 2}, "1967": {"": 2}, "1968": {"": 1}, "1969": {"": 4}, "1971": {"apostle": 3, "unknown": 5}, "1972": {"apostle": 1}, "1975": {"apostle": 2}, "1976": {"apostle": 9, "unknown": 1}, "1977": {"apostle": 2, "prophet": 1, "unknown": 1}, "1978": {"prophet": 1, "unknown": 2}, "1981": {"unknown": 1}, "1983": {"unknown": 1}, "1985": {"unknown": 2}, "1986": {"apostle": 2}, "1988": {"unknown": 2}, "1989": {"apostle": 1}, "1990": {"apostle": 2}, "1991": {"unknown": 2}, "1992": {"apostle": 2, "unknown": 1}, "1993": {"apostle": 1}, "1994": {"apostle": 1}, "1995": {"apostle": 1, "unknown": 2}, "1996": {"apostle": 1, "prophet": 1}, "1997": {"apostle": 1}, "1998": {"apostle": 1}, "1999": {"apostle": 2, "unknown": 1}, "2002": {"apostle": 1}, "2003": {"apostle": 1}, "2009": {"apostle": 2}, "2011": {"apostle": 1, "prophet": 1}, "2017": {"unknown": 1}}, "quotes": [{"year": 1861, "speaker": "Heber C. Kimball", "role": "apostle", "source": "jod", "title": "Unity—Commandments of God, etc.", "talk_id": "jod:vol08-unity_commandments_of_god__etc_", "text": "Honour thy father and thy mother, that thy days may be long upon the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee. Thou shalt not kill. Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house; thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbour's.", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}, {"year": 1971, "speaker": "Mark E. Petersen", "role": "apostle", "source": "cojc", "title": "Honesty, a Principle of Salvation", "talk_id": "cojc:1971-10-honesty-a-principle-of-salvation", "text": "When the Almighty spoke from Sinai commanding that we should not steal, in the same breath he said: “Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour,” and he also declared that we must covet nothing that is our neighbor’s. (See [Ex. 20:16–17](https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/general-conference/1971/10/honesty-a-principle-of-salvation?lang=eng/study/scriptures/ot/ex/20?lang=eng&id=p16-p17#p16).)", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}, {"year": 1976, "speaker": "Gordon B. Hinckley", "role": "apostle", "source": "cojc", "title": "“An Honest Man—God’s Noblest Work”", "talk_id": "cojc:1976-04-an-honest-man-gods-noblest-work", "text": "On Mount Sinai the finger of the Lord wrote the law on tablets of stone: “Thou shall not steal.” ( Ex. 20:15 .) There was neither enlargement nor rationalization. And then that declaration was accompanied by three other commandments, the violation of each of which involves dishonesty: “Thou shalt not commit adultery.” “Thou shalt not bear false witness.” “Thou shalt not covet.” ( Ex. 20:14, 16–17 .)", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}, {"year": 1977, "speaker": "N. Eldon Tanner", "role": "apostle", "source": "cojc", "title": "Obeying the Right Voice", "talk_id": "cojc:1977-10-obeying-the-right-voice", "text": "Now if we could just learn to live the Golden Rule and let compassion and the kind of love of which our Savior spoke control our actions, we would automatically obey all of the other commandments. We would not steal, or kill, or bear false witness, or commit adultery, or covet. We would honor our parents, keep the Sabbath Day holy, and show proper reverence for the name of the Lord.", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}, {"year": 1981, "speaker": "Victor L. Brown", "role": "unknown", "source": "cojc", "title": "Fast Offerings: Fulfilling Our Responsibility to Others", "talk_id": "cojc:1981-04-fast-offerings-fulfilling-our-responsibility-to-others", "text": "“Thou knowest the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not kill, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Honour thy father and thy mother.", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}, {"year": 1989, "speaker": "Neal A. Maxwell", "role": "apostle", "source": "cojc", "title": "Irony: The Crust on the Bread of Adversity", "talk_id": "cojc:1989-04-irony-the-crust-on-the-bread-of-adversity", "text": "Can we absorb the irony of being hurt while trying to help? Having done good, when we are misrepresented, can we watch the feathers of false witness scatter on the winds?", "matched_pattern": "false witness"}], "shifts": [{"year": 1868, "z": 6.38, "rate": 50.96, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1876, "z": 2.14, "rate": 47.59, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1906, "z": 2.0, "rate": 28.59, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1920, "z": 5.34, "rate": 42.37, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1947, "z": 25.28, "rate": 186.27, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1971, "z": 2.37, "rate": 37.26, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1976, "z": 2.08, "rate": 36.12, "direction": "rise"}, {"year": 1990, "z": 7.32, "rate": 45.55, "direction": "rise"}], "canonical": {"corpus_source": "canon", "corpus_version": 1, "historical_window": [1850, 1920], "modern_window": [2010, 2026], "floor_per_million": 225, "source": "fallback_regex", "early_count": 79, "modern_count": 3, "early_total_words": 10520569, "modern_total_words": 2630684, "early_rate": 7.509, "modern_rate": 1.14, "impact": 558.5, "direction": "decline", "qualifies_for_top_40": false}}